Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade - Codex update to the TBT Committee - Information provided by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CODEX)

CODEX UPDATE TO THE TBT COMMITTEE

INFORMATION PROVIDED BY the CODEX ALIMENTARIUS COMMISSION (CODEX)

This document contains information provided by Codex for consideration at the TBT Committee meeting of 12-14 November 2025 under Agenda Item 6.a on Updates by Observers.

 

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1  INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE MEETINGS

1.1  34th Session of the Codex Committee on General Principles
(CCGP34, Lille, France, 2 – 6 June 2025)

1.1.1  Recommendations for action by CAC48 and ongoing work:

1.1.  The Committee has in recent sessions being reviewing the Codex Procedural Manual to improve clarity and usability and reflect on possible updates to meet today's standard setting needs. In this context, CCGP34 agreed to forward to CAC48 several amendments to the Codex Procedural Manual, including updates to the Guide to the procedure for the amendment and revision of Codex standards and related texts to improve clarity and procedural efficiency, and the Guidelines for subsidiary bodies to remove superseded content and ensure they reflected current work practices and needs. Work will continue on other aspects, such as inter-session working groups. Noting that the nature of new work proposals for consideration by CAC is evolving, CCGP34 concluded that, for now, existing provisions could be applied flexibly to review new work proposals where no active committee is available, while further analysis would be considered for longer-term solutions.

1.1.2  Other issues

1.2.  The Committee, in reiterating the importance of Codex work, encouraged Members to advocate for the continued support of Codex work in FAO and WHO Governing Bodies. It also noted the positive impact of the Codex Trust Fund for Members, as well as concerns regarding its financial situation, and the need to explore alternative mechanisms to continue supporting Members in their participation in Codex work. Some Members shared the view that there was scope to describe the definition and application of reservations further, as recorded in reports of Codex sessions. CCGP agreed to promote informal dialogue to share experiences on the handling of reservations.

1.2  88th Session of the Executive Committee of the Codex Alimentarius Commission
(CCEXEC88, Rome, Italy, 14 – 18 July 2025)

1.2.1  Recommendations for action by CAC48:

1.3.  CCEXE88 concluded its critical review by recommending to CAC48 the adoption of standards on food additives, contaminants, pesticide residues, cereals and pulses, and methods of analysis. It endorsed proposals for new work and agreed to streamline critical review documentation to improve efficiency. CCEXEC88 also supported including "matters of interest from other international organizations" as a standing agenda item in FAO/WHO Coordinating Committees to strengthen cooperation with relevant bodies.

1.4.  CCEXEC88 agreed on a monitoring framework for the Codex Strategic Plan 2026–2031, including indicators to track progress in foresight, scientific advice, participation, and coordination. This has been circulated to all Members and Observers for comments, and CCEXEC89 will further review it based on the feedback received. The Committee further concluded that the timely translation and distribution of documents remain a priority and are important to ensure inclusivity. It encouraged measures such as word limits and innovative approaches to improve translation timeframes, thereby ensuring the effective participation of all Members.

1.3  Additional information on the meetings above

1.5.  Further details on the achievements of the above-mentioned Codex sessions and future work can be found in the report of the session. Working documents, including the report, are available on the respective pages on the Codex webpage: CCGP34, CCCF18, CCEXEC88, and CCPR56.

2  FORTHCOMING CODEX MEETINGS OF TbT RELEVANCE

2.1.  The following Codex meetings relevant to the TBT Committee will be held as of September 2025:

·_              89th Session of the Executive Committee of the Codex Alimentarius Commission
(CCEXEC89, Rome, Italy, 3 – 7 November 2025)

·_              48th Session of the Codex Alimentarius Commission
(CAC48, Rome, Italy, 10 – 14 November 2025)

·_              8th Session of the Codex Committee on Spices and Culinary Herbs
(CCSCH08, 10 - 17 October)

2.2.  Regular updates on the status of the work of these Committees are published on their dedicated web pages: CCEXEC89, CAC48, and CCSCH08.

2.3.  For specific questions on the status of work in Codex committees of interest to TBT delegates, please check the dedicated webpages or email codex@fao.org.

3  GENERAL

3.1.  In collaboration with Host Country Secretariats, the Codex Secretariat continues to convene electronic and physical working group meetings and webinars before Codex subsidiary sessions to support delegations' preparations and facilitate discussions and consensus-building. Further information is available on the Committee webpages and the Codex calendar.

3.1  Codex Strategic Plan

3.2.  CAC47 (2024) adopted the Codex Strategic Plan 2026–2031, which highlights the importance of Member participation, the use of Codex texts, and effective working practices, while strengthening relationships with other international organizations. CAC48 will consider a monitoring framework to track implementation of the new Strategic Plan. A final implementation report on the Codex Strategic Plan 2020–2025 will be presented to CAC49 (2026).

3.2  Use and Impact of Codex Texts

3.3.  Codex work on the use and impact of Codex standards is continuing. The mechanisms foresee three types of data collection methods: (i) annual surveys to Codex Members; (ii) case studies on specific Codex texts; and (iii) collaboration with the WTO and other international organizations.

3.4.  Three surveys have been conducted since 2022, and the reports of each are available on the Codex webpage.[1] Members' participation in the survey increased over time, reaching 71% (134 Member responses) in 2024. The 2024 survey reinforces earlier findings that Codex texts play a foundational role, especially for low and middle-income countries (LMICs) across all survey dimensions (reach, relevance, and recognition and use of Codex texts). Results of the last three surveys show high levels of satisfaction with Codex texts (over 90%) and high reliance of LMICs (over 70%) for all aspects related to their use, in guiding food safety and quality legislation, national food control systems, and related training programs, stakeholder awareness, and trade facilitation. Even if high-income countries (HICs) are less directly reliant on Codex texts, they express high levels of satisfaction, and the results demonstrate a high level of attention to Codex processes.

3.5.  A 2025 case study showed that Brazil significantly reduced fumonisin levels in maize by implementing the Codex Code of Practice (CXC 51-2003). This led to significant improvements in food safety, as well as the quality and value of maize exports. As a result, Brazil transformed from a net maize importer in the 1990s to the world's third-largest producer and second-largest exporter by 2023 (FAO STAT). The study attributes this success mainly to the establishment of national maximum levels (MLs) supported by the Code of Practice. These lessons may benefit other countries seeking to implement Codex standards.[2]

3.6.  Collaboration with the WTO is ongoing. The Codex Secretariat is analyzing data from WTO databases to demonstrate how Codex texts relate to international trade. Preliminary results should be published in 2025.

3.7.  The Codex Secretariat is also working with Members to showcase the use of Codex texts in different contexts, including overcoming contamination issues to access or reopen markets. One example relates to trade in melons.[3] This is part of a new Codex in Action Series. The most recent release highlights how Latin American and Caribbean countries are teaming up to close data gaps for Codex MRLs.[4]

 

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