Committee on Market Access - Report 2025 of the Committee on Market Access to the Council for Trade in Goods

REPORT (2025) OF THE COMMITTEE ON MARKET ACCESS
TO THE COUNCIL FOR TRADE IN GOODS[1]

1._       Since the last review[2], the Committee on Market Access held three formal meetings (13‑14 May, 13 October, and 15-16 October) and two informal meetings (4 March, 19 June). The annotated agendas of the formal meetings were circulated in documents JOB/MA/181 and _JOB/MA/185, and the minutes are contained in documents _G/MA/M/82, _G/MA/M/83, and _G/MA/M/84 (to be issued). In addition, the Committee organized two thematic sessions, one on supply chain resilience, and one on Greening the Harmonized System (HS) and the linkages to the WTO. A third informal meeting is scheduled to take place on 9 December.

2._       At its formal meeting of 13-14 May, the Committee took note that the consultations in the Council for Trade in Goods concerning the election of the Chairpersons of the subsidiary bodies remained ongoing and agreed that the Secretariat would send a written communication with the proposed candidate and set a deadline for objections. On 2 June, the Secretariat informed Members that Mr Ninad Deshpande (India) had been appointed as Chairperson. Following his reassignment and consultations held by the Chairperson of the Council for Trade in Goods, on 13 October 2025 Mr Gaurav Gupta (India) was elected as the new Chairperson for the remainder of the period. At its meeting of 15-16 October, the Committee took note that the Chairperson would continue consultations on the appointment of a vice-chairperson and would update the Committee as appropriate.

1  HS related waivers

3._       At its formal meeting of 15-16 October, the Committee approved the extension of the HS2002 "collective" waiver (_G/C/W/875), the HS2007 "collective" waiver (_G/C/W/876), the HS2012 "collective" waiver (_G/C/W/877), the HS2017 "collective" waiver (G/C/W/878/Rev.1), and the HS2022 "collective" waiver (G/C/W/879/Rev.1). The Committee agreed to forward the draft waiver decisions to the General Council, through the Council for Trade in Goods, for appropriate action.

2  Introduction of Harmonized System changes to schedules of concessions

4._       At its formal meetings, the Committee took note of a revised report by the Secretariat (_G/MA/W/158/REV.10 and _G/MA/W/158/REV.11) which provided a broad overview of all HS transposition exercises.[3]

2.1  Introduction of Harmonized System 1996 (HS1996) changes to Schedules of concessions

5._       At its meetings in 2025, the Committee took note of the status of work concerning the introduction of HS96 changes to Schedules of concessions. The Secretariat reported that the technical work under the previous transposition procedures (GATT document L/6905) remained pending for one Member.

2.2  Introduction of Harmonized System 2002 (HS2002) Changes to Schedules of concessions

6._       At its meetings in 2025, the Committee took note of the status of work concerning the introduction of HS2002 changes to Schedules of concessions using the CTS database (WT/L/605 and _WT/L/807), as well as the outcomes of the informal dedicated sessions of the Committee during which the files containing the HS2002 changes of Members had been examined. At the formal meeting of 15-16 October, the Secretariat reported that 116 Schedules of concessions had been transposed into HS2002 and circulated for certification. Technical work remained pending for one Member.[4]

2.3  Introduction of Harmonized System 2007 (HS2007) changes to Schedules of concessions

7._       At its meetings in 2025, the Committee took note of the status of work concerning the introduction of HS2007 changes to Schedules of concessions using the CTS database (_WT/L/673 and _WT/L/830), as well as the outcomes of the informal dedicated sessions of the Committee during which the files containing the HS2007 changes of Members had been examined.[5] At the formal meeting of 15-16 October, the Secretariat reported that 114 Schedules of concessions had been transposed into HS2007 and circulated for certification.

2.4  Introduction of Harmonized System 2012 (HS2012) changes to Schedules of concessions

8._       At its meetings in 2025, the Committee took note of the status of work concerning the introduction of HS2012 changes to Schedules of concessions using the CTS database (_WT/L/831), as well as the outcomes of the informal dedicated sessions of the Committee during which the files containing the HS2012 changes of Members had been examined.[6] At the formal meeting of 15‑16 October, the Secretariat reported that 106 Schedules of concessions had been transposed into HS2012 and circulated for certification.

2.5  Introduction of Harmonized System 2017 (HS2017) changes to Schedules of concessions

9._       At its meetings in 2025, the Committee took note of the status of work concerning the introduction of HS2017 changes to Schedules of concessions using the CTS database (_WT/L/995), as well as the outcomes of the informal dedicated sessions of the Committee during which the files containing the HS2017 changes of Members had been examined.[7] At the formal meeting of 15‑16 October, the Secretariat reported that 100 Schedules of concessions had been transposed into HS2017 and circulated for certification.

2.6  Introduction of Harmonized System 2022 (HS2022) changes to Schedules of concessions

10._    At its meetings in 2025, the Committee took note of the status of work concerning the introduction of HS2022 changes to Schedules of concessions using the CTS database (_WT/L/1123), as well as the outcomes of the informal dedicated sessions of the Committee during which the files containing the HS2022 changes of Members had been examined.[8] At the formal meeting of 15‑16 October, the Secretariat reported that 50 Schedules of concessions had been transposed into HS2022 and circulated to other Members in view of the next multilateral review scheduled for 9 December.

2.7  Harmonized System "multiple transposition" procedures

11._    At the formal meeting of 15‑16 October, the Secretariat reported that two Members were in the process of using the "Procedure for the introduction of multiple changes to the Harmonized System to Schedules of concessions using the Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database" (WT/L/1200).

3  Decision on notification procedures for quantitative restrictions ("QR Decision")

12._    At its meetings in 2025, the Committee examined quantitative restrictions (QR) notifications which had been submitted by 20 Members: Australia; Cambodia; Colombia; Cuba; European Union; Hong Kong, China; Israel; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyz Republic; Mauritius; Mongolia; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Norway; Philippines; the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu; Thailand; Ukraine; United Kingdom; United States.

13._    Most of these notifications were complete notifications of all QRs in force for the biennial period 2024-2026, some of which were submitted through the new online system for QR notifications.[9] The Committee also took note of the Secretariat's factual analysis of all notified QRs (_G/MA/W/114/REV.7) that were recorded in the QR database[10] and of the report with the status of QR notifications (_G/MA/QR/15).

4  Databases

14._    At its formal meetings in 2025, the Secretariat reported on the status of work concerning the Integrated Data Base (IDB) and the Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database. The reports provided information on, inter alia: the use of information in the databases; the Members that have concluded an agreement for the automatic transmission of data; the status of software development and technical assistance. The Committee also took note of the documents which reflected the status of submissions to the IDB (_G/MA/IDB/2/Rev.61, and _G/MA/IDB/2/Rev.62).

15._    At its meetings of 2025, the Committee took note of a revised report prepared by the Secretariat pursuant to paragraph 16 of the IDB Decision (_G/MA/367), which requires the Secretariat to maintain a list of Members' official websites in which tariff information or import data are publicly available (_G/MA/IDB/W/13/Rev.12 and _G/MA/IDB/W/13/Rev.13).[11]

16._    The information of the IDB and CTS databases, in addition with other data, are made available for download in the new WTO Tariff & Trade Data online portal (https://ttd.wto.org/en), which was launched in March 2025 following consultations with Members and a demonstration that took place on 4 March.

5  Thematic sessions

17._    In 2025, the Committee continued its thematic sessions on supply chain resilience, based on a proposal from the delegation of the United Kingdom, and initiated separate thematic sessions on Greening the Harmonised System, based on a proposal by the delegation of Ecuador. A thematic session on supply chain resilience took place on 17 January.[12] At the formal meeting on 13-14 May, the Committee adopted a summary report of the four thematic sessions in supply chain resilience G/MA/436. A second thematic session on Greening the HS and the linkages with the WTO is scheduled to take place on 9 December. At the informal meeting of 14 October, the delegation of Canada provided information about recent discussions in the Informal Working Group on MSMEs on menstrual health products, related trade, and links to the current Harmonized System.[13] At its formal meeting of 15-16 October, the Committee took note of a report by the Chairperson on the thematic sessions.

6  Other activities

18._    On 13 May 2025, the Committee held a special session to commemorate its 30th anniversary, which included a panel discussion of former Chairpersons. CMA delegates were invited to a guided tour of an exhibition organized by the Secretariat, which showed key milestones of the Committee's work and how technology had shaped the preparation of Goods Schedules, the development of trade and tariff databases, and the broader work of the Secretariat of making trade information accessible to the Members and the public.

19._    At its formal meetings in 2025, the Committee took note of the statements by a representative of the World Customs Organization (WCO) on the meetings of the Harmonized System Committee (HSC) and the HS Review Sub-Committee where negotiations were ongoing with respect to the classification proposals of certain COVID-19 essential goods based on the communication sent by the CMA to the HSC.[14] At its formal meeting on 15–16 October 2025, the Committee heard a report from a representative of the World Customs Organization (WCO) on the restructuring of the WCO Secretariat, under which two Directorates had been established: the Policy and Standards Directorate and the Implementation and Capacity Development Directorate. She further informed the Committee that the recommendation for HS 2028 had been transmitted to the WCO Council and was expected to be adopted in January, and that preparatory work on the HS 2033 amendment had already commenced. Finally, she noted that, following the adoption of a memorandum of understanding in January 2025, the WCO would, in the coming months, work to further strengthen collaboration with the WTO.

7  Trade concerns

20._    At its formal meetings in 2025, the Committee took note of the following 36 trade concerns[15]:

No.

ID[16]

Title

Member(s) raising the concern[17]

1._       

ID 46

Angola – Import Restricting Practices

European Union

2._       

ID 142

Canada – Tariff Rate Quota for Certain Steel Products

Chinese Taipei

3._       

ID 126

Canada – Tariff Rate Quota for Cheeses of All Types

United Kingdom

4._       

ID 81

China – Draft Revision of Chinese Government Procurement Law

Japan

5._       

ID 107

China – Export Control Law and Restrictions on Trade in Strategic Products

European Union

Japan

6._       

ID 106

China; Hong Kong, China; Macao, China – Restriction on Imports of Aquatic Products from Japan After the Discharge of ALPS Treated Water into the Sea

Japan

7._       

ID 134

China – Uncertainty Over Coffee Beans and Macadamia Nut Exports to the People's Republic of China

Guatemala

8._       

ID 140

Costa Rica; Iceland; New Zealand; Switzerland – Treatment of Like Products Under the Trade and Environmental Agreement (ACCTS)

Russian Federation

9._       

ID 82

Dominican Republic – Discriminatory Taxation on Some Food Imported Products

European Union

United Kingdom

10._     

ID 69

European Union – Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism

China,

Russian Federation

11._     

ID 84

European Union – Deforestation-Free Commodities (DFC)

Brazil

Colombia

Indonesia

Paraguay

Russian Federation

Thailand

12._     

ID 86

European Union – MRL Reduction of Certain Substances to Meet Environmental Objectives in Third Countries (_G/TBT/N/EU/908)

Australia

Colombia

Indonesia

Paraguay

13._     

ID 96

European Union – Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on Shipments of Waste and Amending Regulation (EU) No. 1257/2013 and (EU) No. 2020/1056

Indonesia

14._     

ID 61

India – Import Policies on Tyres

European Union Indonesia

Chinese Taipei

Thailand

15._     

ID 141

India – Importing Restrictive Measures Upon Pocket Lighters

China

16._     

ID 62

India – Import Restriction on Air Conditioners

Japan

Thailand

17._     

ID 143

Indonesia - Measures Affecting the Importation of Pharmaceutical Products

Thailand

18._     

ID 136

India – Measures That May Have Unintended Results Equivalent to Quantitative Restrictions on the Import of Wooden Boards and Viscose Staple Fibre

Thailand

19._     

ID 133

India – Quality Control Order

Indonesia

20._     

ID 36

India - Quantitative Restrictions on Imports of Certain Pulses (_G/MA/QR/N/IND/2, _G/MA/QR/N/IND/2/Add.1)

Australia

Canada

European Union

21._     

ID 99

Indonesia – Commodity Balance Mechanism and Other Import Measures

European Union

United Kingdom

22._     

ID 42

Indonesia - Customs Duties on Certain Telecommunication Products

United States

23._     

ID 135

Philippines – Bill in the Senate Imposing Export Restrictions on Raw Minerals

Japan

24._     

ID 35

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, the State of Kuwait, Oman, and Qatar - Selective Tax on Certain Imported Products (_G/MA/W/140, _G/MA/W/169)

European Union, Switzerland

United States

25._     

ID 64

Mexico – Import Quota on Glyphosate

United States

26._     

ID 127

Mongolia – Amendment to the Excise Tax Law on Spirits

United Kingdom

27._     

ID 110

Pakistan – Automobile industry Development Policy

Japan

28._     

ID 104

Thailand- Licensing Regime for Wheat

European Union

29._     

ID 138

Thailand – Market Access for Agricultural Commodities and Food Products

India

30._     

ID 137

Thailand - Market Access Issues Faced by Pharma Sector

India

31._     

ID 144

Trinidad and Tobago - Tariff Rates Applied to Alcoholic Products

United Kingdom

32._     

ID 103

United States – A Series of Disruptive Policy Measures on the Global Semiconductor industry Chain and Supply Chain

China

33._     

ID 101

United States – Disruptive and Restrictive Measures in the Name of National Security

China

34._     

ID 139

United States – Reciprocal Tariffs and Other Tariff Measures

China

35._     

ID 129

United States - New Section 301 Tariffs on Certain Goods from China and Final Measures on Maritime, Logistics, and Shipbuilding industry of China

China

36._     

ID 91

United States – Quantitative Restrictions on Imports of Sturgeon

European Union

 

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[1] As agreed by the Committee at its formal meeting of 15-16 October 2025, a revised draft was circulated to delegations in document G/MA/SPEC/65/Rev.1, with a deadline for comments until close of business of 27 October 2025. Since no comment was submitted, the report was adopted on 27 October 2025.

[2] G/L/1551, dated 28 November 2024.

[3] See also Goods Schedules e-Library https://goods-schedules.wto.org/.

[4] See document series JOB/MA/42.

[5] See document series JOB/MA/104.

[6] See document series JOB/MA/129.

[7] See document series JOB/MA/143.

[8] See document series JOB/MA/180.

[12] See document _JOB/MA/173/Add.3/Rev.1.

[13] See room document RD/MA/132.

[14] _G/MA/406 of 30 May 2022.

[15] The concerns are listed in alphabetical order.

[16] For more information see also https://tradeconcerns.wto.org/en.

[17] The column lists the Member(s) that raised the issue in any or all the formal meetings that are covered by this report.