Committee on Agriculture - Special session - Compilation of recent agricultural tariff and trade data - Note by the Secretariat

compilation of recent AGRicultural tariff and TRADe data

Note by the Secretariat[1]

This document has been prepared following a request made at informal consultations held on 3 February 2015 for updated agricultural tariff and trade data. The attached table gives selected recent indicators of Members regarding agricultural market access. The tariff information is taken from various editions of the World Tariff Profiles, a joint publication of the WTO, ITC and UNCTAD. Average trade shares in agricultural products are calculated using data from the UN COMTRADE database.

The calculations are done on the full schedule relating to agriculture products, i.e., including both dutiable and duty free tariff lines. With a view to providing comprehensive and comparable average tariff statistics for the World Tariff Profiles, the calculation of ad valorem equivalents (AVEs) for non‑ad valorem duties (NAVs) is required. Since AVEs are not part of the mandatory IDB notification requirements and are lacking in most IDB notifications these calculations were provided by the ITC. To maintain the consistency in the comparison between bound and applied duties, the AVEs of bound duties were also recalculated by the ITC using the same methodology that was used for the calculation of the AVEs of applied duties. It should also be noted that, in some cases, the variations over time in the MFN applied tariff averages are not necessarily the result of actual changes in the applied duties, but may simply be due to variations in AVEs which are based on a different set of unit values.

In a few cases, bound rate averages are below applied rate averages. This can be due to (1) final bound rates which have not yet been fully implemented; (2) the use of a different duty type between bound and applied; and (3) changes in the HS nomenclature breakdown. For example, it should be noted that recent applied rates are mostly now reported in HS 2012 nomenclature, whereas for bound rates, the certified schedules are mostly in HS 2007 but some schedules are still in older HS versions.


Technical Notes on Data and Column Headings

Empty cells for applied tariffs indicate notification gaps. In these cases, no complementary information was available from ITC nor UNCTAD. All trade statistics are sourced from UN COMTRADE.

All simple averages are based on pre-aggregated HS six-digit (i.e. subheading) averages. Pre‑aggregation means that duties at the tariff line level are first averaged at the HS six-digit level. Subsequent calculations are based on these pre-aggregated averages. For indicators on NAVs, Duties > 3 * AVG, Duty Free tariff lines (TLs), TRQ and SSG, these are presented as share of HS-six digit subheading covered on a pro rata basis. For example, if only one TL has a non AV duty within a subheading that has 2 national TLs in the schedule, the count is 0.5 for the subheading.

Bound Statistics

NAVs
(% share of TLs)

The share of HS six-digit subheadings subject to non-ad valorem duties.

Duties > 3 * AVG
(% share of TLs)

The share of HS six-digit subheadings subject to ad valorem duties or AVEs greater than three times the national average.

Duty Free
(% share of TL)

The share of HS six-digit duty subheadings bound at zero duty.

Special Safeguards (SSG) (% share of TLs)

% of HS six-digit subheadings in the schedule of agricultural concession subject to Special Safeguard. Partial coverage is taken into account on a pro rata basis. Blank cell indicates no tariff line subject to SSG.

Tariff Rate Quota (TRQ) (% share of TLs)

% of HS six-digit subheadings in the schedule of agricultural concession covered by tariff quotas. Partial coverage is taken into account on a pro rata basis. Blank cell indicates no TRQ concession.

Average Applied MFN Tariff

The data presented are for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 and mostly sourced from the World Tariff Profiles, 2012-2014 issues. However, if no data for the corresponding year is available, the statistic from the previous year is presented. These are indicated by an * next to the statistic.

Average AG Trade Shares 2011‑2013 (%)

The % share in total world exports, imports and total (exports + imports) of agricultural products for the years 2011-2013 of each WTO Member. World totals are based on reported data of all countries/territories. The average for the three years is calculated based on available data for the years covered. Blank cell indicates no available data for any of the years covered.


Indicators for Agricultural Market Access

Name

LDC

Bound Statistics

Average MFN Applied Tariff (%)

Average AG Trade Shares

Average (%)

NAVs

Duties > 3*AVG

Duty Free

SSG

TRQ

2011

2012

2013

2011-2013 (%)

(% Share of TLs)

Exports

Imports

Total

Albania

 

9.7

0

0

10.6

 

 

8.0

7.7

7.7

0.010

0.089

0.049

Angola

Y

52.8

0

0

0

 

 

9.8

9.8*

9.8

 

 

 

Antigua and Barbuda

 

104.8

0

0

0

 

 

17.7

16.0

18.3

0.000

0.012

0.006

Argentina

 

32.6

0

0

0.1

 

 

10.4

10.5

10.1

4.361

0.198

2.279

Armenia

 

14.7

0

0

1.4

 

 

na

7.0

7.0

0.030

0.084

0.057

Australia

 

3.5

1.7

7.5

31.3

0.9

0.9

1.4

1.2

1.2

3.776

1.223

2.500

Bahrain, Kingdom of

 

39.0

0

2.3

0

 

 

8.2

7.5

5.7

0.043

0.156

0.100

Bangladesh

Y

192.0

0

0

0

 

 

17.2

17.2*

16.8

0.039

1.093

0.566

Barbados

 

111.1

0

0

0

16.9

16.6

18.5

18.5*

18.5

0.011

0.033

0.022

Belize

 

101.2

0

0

0

 

 

20.4

20.5

21.0

0.020

0.012

0.016

Benin

Y

61.8

0

0

0

 

 

14.6

14.6

14.6

0.031

0.093

0.062

Bolivia, Plurinational State of

 

40.0

0

0

0

 

 

12.4

12.4

12.3

0.169

0.069

0.119

Botswana

 

37.9

0

2.6

20.8

37.5

 

9.2

8.5

8.6

0.016

0.077

0.046

Brazil

 

35.4

0

0

2.7

 

0.2

10.3

10.1

10.2

8.685

1.129

4.907

Brunei Darussalam

 

31.9

2.3

1.0

0

 

 

0.1

0.1*

na

0.001

0.050

0.026

Burkina Faso

Y

98.1

0

0

0

 

 

14.6

14.6

14.6

0.064

0.048

0.056

Burundi

Y

94.4

0

0

3.1

 

 

19.6

19.8

19.8

0.009

0.024

0.016

Cabo Verde

 

19.3

0

0

0

 

 

12.2

12.2

12.2

0.000

0.023

0.012

Cambodia

Y

28.2

0

0

0

 

 

15.2

15.2

15.2*

0.028

0.052

0.040

Cameroon

 

80.0

0

0

0

 

 

21.9

22.3

21.8

0.096

0.106

0.101

Canada

 

16.8

19.9

6.3

46.1

6.0

9.5

18.0

16.2

15.9

4.527

3.438

3.984

Central African Republic

Y

30.0

0

0

0

 

 

21.9

21.9*

21.8

0.001

0.006

0.003

Chad

Y

80.0

0

0

0

 

 

21.9

21.9*

21.8

 

 

 

Chile

 

26.1

0

0.6

0

 

0.2

6.0

6.0

6.0

1.128

0.595

0.862

China

 

15.8

0

3.1

5.8

 

5.0

15.6

15.6*

15.6

4.672

10.515

7.598

Colombia

 

91.6

0

0

0

28.4

27.8

15.3

14.9

14.9

0.687

0.578

0.633

Congo

 

30.0

0

0

0

 

 

21.9

21.9*

21.8

0.002

0.046

0.024

Costa Rica

 

43.2

0

1.0

0

9.3

10.6

11.3

11.3

11.3

0.401

0.178

0.290

Côte d'Ivoire

 

14.9

0

0.9

0.2

 

 

14.6

14.6

14.6

0.525

0.155

0.340

Cuba

 

37.3

0

0

3.8

 

 

10.9

10.7

10.6

 

 

 

Democratic Rep. of the Congo

Y

98.1

0

0

0

 

 

11.0*

na

na

 

 

 

Djibouti

Y

50.4

0

4.6

0

 

 

14.2

14.2

14.2*

 

 

 

Dominica

 

112.5

0

0

0

 

 

16.7

21.2

17.2

0.000

0.005

0.003

Dominican Republic

 

39.4

0

0

0

 

3.3

na

12.7

12.7

0.172

0.247

0.210

Ecuador

 

25.7

0

0.7

0

0.4

2.3

18.3

18.5

18.5*

0.502

0.201

0.351

Egypt

 

98.9

1.6

2.4

0

 

 

66.3

66.7

66.7*

0.521

1.440

0.981

El Salvador

 

42.5

0

1.4

0

11.0

11.7

12.3

11.8

11.8

0.120

0.180

0.150

European Union

 

13.5

32.0

8.8

32.3

23.9

11.3

13.9

13.2

13.2

15.214

13.892

14.559

Fiji

 

41.7

2.3

0.5

0

 

 

24.0

20.6

16.3

0.032

0.035

0.033

Gabon

 

59.7

0

0

0

 

 

21.9

21.9*

21.6

 

 

 

Georgia

 

13.2

2.6

0.5

8.0

 

 

7.2

6.7

5.9

0.057

0.116

0.087

Ghana

 

97.1

0

0

0

 

 

17.5*

na

17.3

0.300

0.186

0.243

Grenada

 

100.3

0

0

1.9

 

 

17.7

18.2

18.2

 

 

 

Guatemala

 

51.5

0

4.1

0

14.3

13.3

9.9

9.6

9.6

0.466

0.242

0.354

Guinea

Y

39.7

0

0

0

 

 

14.2*

14.3

14.3*

 

 

 

Guinea-Bissau

Y

40.1

0

0

0

 

 

14.6

14.6

14.6

 

 

 

Guyana

 

99.6

0

0

0

 

 

20.7

21.8

21.4

0.043

0.027

0.035

Haiti

Y

21.4

9.4

0.3

16.9

 

 

8.0

6.0

8.2

 

 

 

Honduras

 

32.3

0

0.2

0

 

 

10.5

10.5

10.2

0.233

0.150

0.191

Hong Kong, China

 

0

0

0

100.0

 

 

0

0

0

0.838

2.217

1.529

Iceland

 

109.4

23.2

12.0

25.9

40.1

35.4

27.2

24.4

24.3

0.010

0.044

0.027

India

 

113.5

0.3

0

0

 

0.9

31.4*

33.5

33.5

3.899

1.892

2.896

Indonesia

 

47.0

0.2

3.3

0

0.7

1.0

8.1

7.9

7.5

3.172

1.896

2.535

Israel

 

76.7

0.4

2.7

3.6

4.7

6.9

na

17.0

13.2

0.257

0.529

0.393

Jamaica

 

97.0

0.3

0

1.7

 

 

17.9

17.9*

18.6

0.045

0.135

0.090

Japan

 

19.0

15.1

6.3

34.1

7.7

6.2

23.3

16.6

19.0

0.348

6.729

3.542

Jordan

 

23.9

0.8

3.6

1.2

 

 

17.9*

17.8

17.6

0.145

0.350

0.247

Kenya

 

100

0

0

0

 

 

19.7

19.9

19.8

0.315

0.187

0.251

Korea, Republic of

 

56.0

5.2

7.0

2.2

6.3

13.5

48.6

52.7

52.7

0.527

2.532

1.531

Kuwait, the State of

 

100

0

0

0

 

 

5.2

5.1

5.1

0.050

0.452

0.251

Kyrgyz Republic

 

12.7

2.3

0.3

1.2

 

 

7.5

7.4

7.4

0.028

0.080

0.054

Lao People's Dem. Republic

Y

19.2

0

3.9

6.2

 

 

na

na

na

 

 

 

Lesotho

Y

199.0

0

0

0

 

 

9.3

8.6

8.5

 

 

 

Macao, China

 

0.0

0

0

99.8

 

 

0

0

0

0.002

0.121

0.062

Madagascar

Y

30.0

0

0

0

 

 

14.6

14.6

14.6

0.038

0.049

0.044

Malawi

Y

121.2

0

0

0

 

 

17.4

18.0

18.7

0.108

0.034

0.071

Malaysia

 

66.4

21.1

9.1

12.9

5.5

5.7

10.8*

11.2

8.9

3.005

1.699

2.353

Maldives

 

48.1

0

6.7

0

 

 

18.3

18.3*

na

0.000

0.033

0.017

Mali

Y

59.2

0

0

0

 

 

14.6

14.6

14.6

0.046

0.048

0.047

Mauritania

Y

38.1

0

0

0

 

 

11.8*

na

na

0.001

0.043

0.022

Mauritius

 

119.6

0

0

0

 

 

1.0

0.9

0.9

0.044

0.093

0.068

Mexico

 

45.1

7.3

4.5

0.4

33.2

6.9

21.4

21.2

19.7

2.268

2.683

2.477

Moldova, Republic of

 

14.0

9.0

2.1

3.2

 

1.7

10.5

10.5

10.6

0.098

0.072

0.085

Mongolia

 

18.9

0

0.3

0.7

 

 

5.1

5.1

5.1

0.026

0.060

0.043

Montenegro

 

10.8

0

3.9

23.0

 

 

10.9

10.4

10.6

0.009

0.060

0.034

Morocco

 

54.4

0

8.4

0

16.2

13.5

41.2

40.7

40.7*

0.243

0.574

0.409

Mozambique

Y

100.0

0

0

0

 

 

13.8

13.8

13.8*

0.071

0.087

0.079

Myanmar

Y

106.2

0.6

3.6

0.6

 

 

na

8.6

8.6

0.166

0.050

0.108

Namibia

 

40.4

0

1.4

21.4

37.5

 

9.3

8.6

8.5

0.066

0.095

0.081

Nepal

Y

41.5

0

0.9

0

 

 

14.5

13.9

13.8

0.022

0.108

0.065

New Zealand

 

6.1

0.2

8.7

53.6

0.5

0.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

2.277

0.423

1.350

Nicaragua

 

43.5

0

0.6

0

6.0

5.3

11.0

10.6

10.9

0.188

0.095

0.141

Niger

Y

85.7

0

0

0

 

 

14.6

14.6

14.6

0.015

0.049

0.032

Nigeria

 

150

0

0

0

 

 

15.5

15.5*

15.6

0.506

1.131

0.819

Norway

 

135.2

66.7

8.0

28.0

46.4

30.6

55.8

53.2

51.3

0.096

0.747

0.422

Oman

 

28.2

0

7.4

0

 

 

na

5.7

5.6

0.110

0.298

0.205

Pakistan

 

95.5

0.2

0

0

 

 

17.0

15.5

15.4

0.547

0.595

0.571

Panama

 

27.7

0.2

1.5

0.4

0.2

3.5

12.4

12.4

12.3

0.047

0.154

0.100

Papua New Guinea

 

44.6

6.0

0.5

0

 

 

14.8*

na

12.7

0.124

0.081

0.103

Paraguay

 

33.1

0

0

0

 

 

10.3

10.0

10.0

0.529

0.099

0.314

Peru

 

30.9

0

0

0

 

 

4.1

4.1*

4.0

0.455

0.447

0.451

Philippines

 

35.1

0.6

0

0

13.3

9.2

8.7

9.8

9.9

0.468

0.718

0.593

Qatar

 

26.2

0

5.6

0

 

 

8.1

5.5

5.4

0.003

0.265

0.090

Russian Federation

 

11.1

22.9

3.0

3.0

 

3.2

14.3

13.3

12.2

1.272

4.028

2.652

Rwanda

Y

74.0

0

0

3.2

 

 

19.5

19.9

19.6

0.023

0.026

0.024

Saint Kitts and Nevis

 

108.6

0

0

0

 

 

16.5

16.5*

17.2

0.000

0.006

0.003

Saint Lucia

 

114.7

0

0

0

 

 

16.5

16.5*

17.0

 

 

 

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

 

114.8

0

0

0

 

 

16.7

16.7*

17.1

0.003

0.010

0.006

Samoa

 

26.7

3.4

0.7

0

 

 

na

14.5

14.8

0.001

0.009

0.005

Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of

 

16.1

9.0

1.4

0.1

 

 

4.8

6.2

6.0

0.366

2.222

1.295

Senegal

Y

29.8

0

0

0

 

 

14.6

14.6

14.6

0.055

0.155

0.105

Sierra Leone

Y

40.4

0

0

0

 

 

na

15.4

15.4*

 

 

 

Singapore

 

24.9

3.8

3.3

4.1

 

 

0.2

1.4

1.4

0.951

1.289

1.121

Solomon Islands

Y

71.4

3.5

0.2

0

 

 

16.0

15.9

15.5

0.008

0.010

0.009

South Africa

 

40.4

0

1.4

21.4

37.5

36.0

9.1

8.4

8.4

0.972

0.740

0.856

Sri Lanka

 

50.0

2.5

0.0

0

 

 

26.3

25.7

25.7*

0.260

0.223

0.242

Suriname

 

19.8

0

0

0.3

 

 

17.8

17.8*

18.4

0.010

0.024

0.017

Swaziland

 

40.4

0

1.4

21.4

37.5

 

9.3

8.6

8.5

 

 

 

Switzerland

 

52.6

77.3

8.4

22.7

36.8

17.5

43.5

33.6

35.7

0.947

1.268

1.108

Chinese Taipei

 

16.9

6.8

4.2

24.6

5.4

6.0

16.6

16.4

16.0

0.244

1.160

0.702

Tajikistan

 

11.3

3.1

0.9

0.5

 

 

11.2

10.8

10.6

 

 

 

Tanzania

Y

120

0

0

0

 

 

19.7

20.0

20.0

0.134

0.112

0.123

Thailand

 

38.9

44.2

2.9

2.0

7.5

7.4

21.8

21.8*

29.9

2.599

1.131

1.865

The FYR of Macedonia

 

13.4

9.6

6.9

33.1

 

0.0

13.5

13.0

12.9

0.066

0.088

0.077

The Gambia

Y

104.6

0

0

0

 

 

16.9

16.9

16.9

0.003

0.013

0.008

Togo

Y

80.0

0

0

0

 

 

14.6

14.6

14.6

0.026

0.023

0.024

Tonga

 

19.1

0

0

0

 

 

11.7

11.5

11.0

0.001

0.006

0.003

Trinidad and Tobago

 

89.9

0

0

5.5

 

 

18.2

18.2*

19.5

0.036

0.100

0.067

Tunisia

 

116.0

0

0

0

4.7

4.7

32.7

33.0

33.0*

0.160

0.266

0.213

Turkey

 

61.0

0

4.5

0.0

 

 

41.2

41.2*

42.4

1.596

1.351

1.474

Uganda

Y

77.5

0

0

0

 

 

19.6

19.9

20.0

0.126

0.076

0.101

Ukraine

 

10.9

1.1

0.9

12.7

 

0.1

9.5

9.5

9.2

1.652

0.691

1.172

United Arab Emirates

 

25.6

0

5.7

0

 

 

6.8

5.5

5.5

0.557

1.407

0.983

United States of America

 

4.9

41.3

6.0

30.2

2.9

4.5

5.0

4.7

5.3

15.449

11.595

13.527

Uruguay

 

34.0

0

0

0

0.1

 

10.2

9.8

9.9

0.575

0.131

0.353

Vanuatu

Y

43.6

0

0.2

0.1

 

 

na

17.5

17.5*

0.005

0.007

0.006

Venezuela, Bolivarian Rep of

 

55.8

0

0

0

30.7

22.5

15.0

16.8

16.8

0.003

0.863

0.434

Viet Nam

 

19.1

0

2.0

8.7

 

1.1

17.0*

16.1

16.2

1.387

1.100

1.244

Yemen

Y

24.9

7.6

2.3

0

 

 

10.5

10.4

10.4

0.027

0.366

0.197

Zambia

Y

123.3

0

0

0

 

 

19.1

19.0

19.0

0.112

0.043

0.078

Zimbabwe

 

141.1

2.3

0

1.3

 

 

23.6

23.4

23.4*

0.126

0.130

0.128

Source: World Tariff Profiles, various issues; UN COMTRADE.

 

__________



[1] This document has been prepared under the Secretariat's own responsibility and is without prejudice to the positions of Members or to their rights and obligations under the WTO.